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World Issues

Enviro. Aug. 26 '05 PBDEs

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#1 of 3

     Posted 8/28/05 10:24 PM   
Sue N
 
From  Sue N  Posts 1550  Last 10/30/08
To  All      [Msg # 110881.1 ]    

Are the lives saved in fires worth the risk of using PBDEs?

PBDEs

PBDE stands for polybrominated diphenyl ether. It is one of a family of flame retardants which are produced synthetically. From 1978 the USA used PBDE to replace PCB, a Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) that is banned under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, which the USA has not ratified. A ban on PBDEs is under consideration too, as they are also considered POPs. PBDE is one of a family of Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) which are used in electronic products including computers, and in or on carpets, domestic kitchen appliances, paints and upholstery. They slow down fires so that people have longer to escape. North America is the largest user of them, but a lot of the finished products are exported.

There are 3 PBDEs - penta-, octa-, and decaBDE. The only U.S. manufacturer of pentaBDE and octaBDE was the Great Lakes Chemical Corp., which phased out production at the end of 2004 and the State of California has enacted a law banning their use from June 1, 2006. The European Union banned them from August 15, 2004.

Like PCBs, PBDEs build up in the environment and become concentrated in the animals at the top of the food chains. PCBs can affect hormone levels, harming children's mental development and damaging immune, reproductive and nervous systems. They are also carcinogenic. PBDEs are chemically similar and show similar effects in the laboratory, where they affect thyroid hormone levels, delay sexual development, and are detrimental to memory and learning. They may also cause liver toxicity. They have also been linked to thin egg shells.

As the two chemicals are similar, they may work together on human systems, so the combined amounts present should be taken into consideration. The two chemicals do not appear to come from the same source, however, as there is not a close correlation between the amounts of each present. PCBs are believed to be acquired through food, particularly fish. PBDEs may come from house and office dust or foods containing animal fat, but more research needs to be done.

Analysis: Oregon Breast Milk Contaminated

An analysis of the breast milk of Oregon women shows that it is contaminated with 20 to 40 times the amount of PBDEs (toxic flame retardants) than that of women from Europe and Japan. They had high levels of PCBs, too. PCBs are Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and PBDEs (pentabrominated diphenyl ether) are being considered for addition to the list. The analysis by the Northwest Environment Watch was released Thursday at the "Dioxin 2005" international conference in Toronto.

Recent news stories involving PBDEs include:

Other stories

New stove clears air, cuts chores in Eritrea

A new improved design of mogogo - a traditional clay stove - has halved the amount of firewood needed and reduced the sometimes lethal amount of smoke breathed in by people in Eritrea. It also cooks faster, is safer, and reduces the emission of greenhouse gases.

Tooth decay falls sharply in kids

American children have far less tooth decay than a decade ago, and adults have less too. This is being put down to fluoridation of water and toothpaste and the increased use of dental sealants. Fluoridisation is blamed by opponents for higher rates of bone disease and other illnesses.

Autistic Boy's Death Raises Questions

A child died after receiving chelation therapy, a treatment aimed at clearing heavy metals from the body, for autism. The therapy is tried because there is believed to be a link between mercury and autism. Its use in autism experimental although it it has been used since the 1940s for other problems.

Study: Newer Malaria Drug Saves More Lives

The drug artesunate, derived from a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years against fever, has been shown to be more effective than quinine at reducing the death rate from malaria in adults. It is not known if it is better for children, who form the bulk of cases in Africa.

China experts say bird flu bigger threat than SARS

Chinese medical experts are saying that bird flu is a bigger threat than SARS, as containing bird flu is harder because it is spread by migrating wild birds.

Please see the following message for the remaining stories.

Sue [sysop in NewsForum, World Issues, All Animals forums]
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#2 of 3

     Posted 8/28/05 10:25 PM   
Sue N
 
From  Sue N  Posts 1550  Last 10/30/08
To  All      [Msg # 110881.2 Message 110881.2 replying to 110881.1 110881.1 ]    

Bird flu kills civets in captivity in Vietnam

Three civets have died from bird flu at the Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam. The Owston's palm civets are endangered. Neighbouring civets and other animals and birds are healthy and it is not known how the three were infected. SARS is believed to have originated in civets in China. Other animals that have been infected with bird flu include ostriches in South Africa and 30 tigers and a clouded leopard in Thailand.

Scientists Try to Harness Wave Energy

Scientists in Oregon hope to harness wave energy at the site of a former paper mill.

Gas Station Workers Face Angry Customers

Gas stations in the USA are seeing increased customer anger and crime as gas prices rise. The situation is predicted to worsen as prices continue to rise.

Blast hits oil well in Iraq's Kirkuk field

An exporting oil well in the northern Kirkuk oilfields in Iraq was sabotaged on Friday. Firefighters are battling the blaze. The well normally pumps 7,000 to 10,000 barrels per day.

Portugal arrests scores over forest fires

Portuguese police have arrested 127 on suspicion of having started some of the forest fires that have raged this summer. 14 people have died.

Rescuers Evacuate Switzerland District

Some residence of Bern, the capital of Switzerland, had to be airlifted to safety as a result of heavy flooding. Large parts of central and southern Europe were flooded and dozens have died.

Flooded River Pours Into Mexican City

A river overflowed its banks and flooded the town of Aguililla in central Mexico Thursday, killing at least 5 people. 6 people died as a result of a landslide in a community in the northern mountains of Veracruz.

Katrina Strengthens Over Gulf of Mexico, A Look at the Impact of Hurricane Katrina,
Hurricane Katrina kills 4, moves to Gulf of Mexico, Hurricane Katrina slams south Florida

Katrina left floods and damage in her wake in South Florida as she crossed the Gulf of Mexico, gaining strength and heading for the Gulf Coast.

Powerful Typhoon Menaces Tokyo

Typhoon Mawar killed one person as it hit Japan on Friday, soaking Tokyo.

Earth's Core Spinning Faster Than Crust

Scientist shave determined that the Earth's solid iron core is currently spinning at about one-quarter to one-half degree faster a year than the rest of the Earth.

Foul-Smelling Orchid Blooms in Australia

The malodorous tongue orchid in Melbourne's Royal Botanic Gardens is flowering for the second time in 30 years.

Farmers Still Worried About Soybean Rust

Farmers are still concerned about Asian soybean rust, although it does appear to have been restricted to southern states this year.

High-Tech Buoy Monitors Weather in Mich.

A solar-powered buoy is providing data every 10 minutes about the weather on Grand Traverse Bay and the University of Michigan's Marine Hydrodynamics Lab is putting the information on the Internet.

Deadly Tsunami Reached Around the Globe

The December 26 2004 tsunami was 30 feet high as it travelled across the Indian Ocean, and carried on around the world several times. It was detected at Callao, Peru, 11,400 miles east of the epicentre and at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 14,400 miles to the west.

Chinese Try to Get Chimp to Quit Smoking

A northwest China zoo is trying to get a 26-year-old female chimpanzee to quit smoking after 15 years. She has been smoking more heavily since her mate died recently.

Maine Seafood Shop Spares Rare Lobster

A seafood shop owner in Maine noticed that one lobster in a shipment looked different to the rest, and offered it to the Marine Resources Aquarium in Boothbay Harbor. They identified it as the relatively rare yellow-spotted lobster.

12-Year-Old Tells of Escape From Shark

A 12-year-old boy was attacked by a shark in knee deep water and his foot was badly damaged, though he should recover eventually.


Are the lives saved in fires worth the risk of using PBDEs?

Index of topics in this series.

[Views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of CompuServe, Netscape, any government, agency, or news organization. External Websites are "At Your Own Risk," and no endorsement is expressed or implied.]


...[Message truncated]
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#3 of 3

     Posted 9/18/05 8:39 AM   
Sue N
 
From  Sue N  Posts 1550  Last 10/30/08
To  All      [Msg # 110881.3 Message 110881.3 replying to 110881.2 110881.2 ]    

Here's the part of FEMA's National Situation Update for Friday, August 26, 2005 relating to hurricane Katrina:

 

Hurricane Katrina Makes South Florida Landfall and Becomes Tropical Storm

The eye of Katrina came ashore at 6:30 p.m. EDT Thursday near the Broward/Dade County line as a category one hurricane with sustained winds of 75 mph. Hurricane force winds extended outward up to 10 miles from the center and tropical storm force winds extend outward up to 70 miles meaning that several hours before the eye made landfall tropical storm force winds and the accompanying rains were already impacting the south Florida area. By 1 a.m., maximum sustained winds had decreased to 70 mph and Katrina had again become a tropical storm.

Media reports attribute Katrina with four fatalities, three due to blown-down trees. Florida Power & Light said more than a million customers were without electricity, including 777,000 customers in Miami-Dade County, 533,000 in Broward County and 64,000 in Palm Beach County. Florida Power and Light has said it will restore power as soon as possible but it does not dispatch workers when winds are greater than 30 miles per hour. No damage is reported to power generating facilities.

Severe flooding was reported in Key Biscayne and Homestead in Miami-Dade County. Some flooding was also reported in Broward County, and flood watches are in effect for Charlotte, Desoto, Hardee, Highlands, Lee, Manatee, Martin and Sarasota counties. Radars indicated up to 15 inches of rain fell in Key Biscayne, Sweetwater and the Coral Gables-Kendall area of Miami-Dade County. Rainfall in Miami-Dade was significantly higher than in Broward County. Before Katrina hit land, water management officials lowered canal levels to avoid possible flooding, and pumps were activated in several low-lying areas of Miami-Dade.

At 5 a.m. EDT, the eye of Hurricane Katrina was located just offshore of southwestern Florida over the Gulf of Mexico about 50 miles north-northeast of Key West. Katrina is moving west near 5 mph. This motion is expected to continue for the next 24 hours with a slight increase in forward speed. Now that Katrina has emerged over the Gulf of Mexico maximum sustained winds have again increased to 75 mph and Katrina is once again a category one hurricane.

Katrina will regenerate on Friday over the Gulf of Mexico and head west northwest and then turn northward up into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Hurricane winds and flooding rain is a threat late Sunday into early next week in the northern Gulf and up into the Southeast.

Total rainfall accumulations of 6 to 10 inches with isolated maximum amounts of 15 to 20 inches are possible. Isolated tornadoes will also be possible over eastern Florida and the Florida Keys. (National Hurricane Center, media sources)

State and Federal Preparation for Hurricane Katrina

FEMA Headquarters: The FEMA National Response Coordination Center (NRCC) Red Team was activated at a modified Level II on Thursday, August 25 at 0700 EDT with ESFs 1 (with an Air Ops Element), 3, 4, 5, 7, 15, and a Military Liaison.

FEMA Headquarters is conducting daily video-teleconferences with FEMA Region IV, the National Hurricane Center, Florida, and other potentially affected States.

The Logistics Readiness Center (LRC) has adequate initial resources on hand in Florida to meet emergency commodity requests. State resources are staged at the Palm Beach Fairgrounds. Florida plans to deploy a combination of PODS and comfort stations for victim relief. Homestead, Palm Beach and Lakeland Florida are FEMA emergency commodity staging areas capable of initially delivering 100 truck loads of water, 75 truck loads of ice and 24 reefers within a 24 hour window. A 50-pack of generators is in route. The LRC has also executed contracts for additional water, ice, reefers and carriers.

FEMA Region IV: At 1200 EDT on August 25, operations transitioned from the FEMA Region IV Regional Response Coordination Center (RRCC) activated at Level III in Thomasville, GA, to the RRCC in Atlanta activated at Level II. Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) activated at the RRCC are: ESF 1, 3, 4, 7, 14, 15 and Department of Defense (DOD).

Region IV is anticipating back up support from Region X for Individual Assistance (IA) and Logistics for a full Emergency Response Team (ERT) at a Joint Field Office (JFO) in the event of a declaration. In the event of the need for a second ERT-A team, Region IX will field the team.

Alabama: Emergency Operations Center (EOC) is at Level 4 (Normal) Operations.

Florida: Florida's (EOC) is at Level 1 (full activation). The Governor issued a State of Emergency on August 24, 2005.

Mississippi: EOC is at Level 1 (Normal) Operation.

Georgia: EOC currently operating at Level I (Monitoring).

South Carolina: EOC currently operating at Level 5 (Normal). (FEMA Region IV)

 

[Views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of CompuServe, Netscape, any government, agency, or news organization. External Websites are "At Your Own Risk," and no endorsement is expressed or implied.]

Sue [sysop in NewsForum, World Issues, All Animals forums]
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World Issues

Enviro. Aug. 26 '05 PBDEs

  
 
     

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