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Message Area
Performance Tuning

RAM nanoseconds vs megahertz

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#1 of 22

     Posted 2/4/09 1:09 PM   
Ken Applequist
 
From  Ken Applequist  Posts 447  Last Nov-17
To  All      [Msg # 192806.1 ]    
I’m trying to figure out how RAM speed, measured in nanoseconds or megahertz correlates. I’ve seem RAM speed measured both ways. Since a nanosecond is 1 billionth of a second and a megahertz is 1 million cycles per second. I would think that there would be an inverse relation by a factor of a thousand. However, that doesn’t seem to be the case according to some conversion charts I’ve seen. Now, it’s certainly possible I’m doing the math wrong, but it’s also possible I’m just missing something. I’m wondering if someone could help clarify this for me.
Thanks,
Ken
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#2 of 22

     Posted 2/4/09 1:23 PM   
Jerry Lippey/WUGNET
 
From  Jerry Lippey/WUGNET  Posts 7034  Last 12:10 AM
To  Ken Applequist      [Msg # 192806.2 Message 192806.2 replying to 192806.1 192806.1 ]    

Nanosecond = 10^-9 seconds.
Megahertz = 10^6 cycles/ second => 10^-6 seconds/cycle

I don't see any inconsistency, Ken.

A microprocessor with a clock frequency of 100 megahertz will have a 10 nanosecond clock period.

-Jerry
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#3 of 22

     Posted 2/4/09 2:48 PM   
K. Barthelmess
 
From  K. Barthelmess  Posts 94  Last Jul-8
To  Ken Applequist      [Msg # 192806.3 Message 192806.3 replying to 192806.1 192806.1 ]    

Depending on the type of memory and the operation being performed, it may take more than one clock cycle to complete the operation. The relationships you describe are correct, but what you are reading about regarding "RAM speed" may or may not be equal to the clock speed.

Good luck.

Kurt

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#4 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 5:57 AM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  Jerry Lippey/WUGNET      [Msg # 192806.4 Message 192806.4 replying to 192806.2 192806.2 ]    
What about RAM speed? I want to add more memory to my IBM T30 laptop. It has a clock speed of 1993 MHz, but the SO-DIMM memory available runs at 667 MHz.  It is compatible?

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..

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#5 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 10:15 AM   
Jerry Lippey/WUGNET
 
From  Jerry Lippey/WUGNET  Posts 7034  Last 12:10 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.5 Message 192806.5 replying to 192806.4 192806.4 ]    
I defer to Kurt's superior knowledge.     -Jerry
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#6 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 11:53 AM   
K. Barthelmess
 
From  K. Barthelmess  Posts 26  Last 4:42 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.6 Message 192806.6 replying to 192806.4 192806.4 ]    

Ken -

> I want to add more memory to my IBM T30 laptop.

This would be an IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad T30 Pentium 4-M 2366, 2367-xxx? But the "clock speed" (if you are referring to the CPU speed) should be 1.6 GHz or 2.4GHz (1600 MHz or 2400 MHz). Where did you get the 1993 MHz figure? Anyhow, if that's the model, it shipped with 128MB or 256MB. You can upgrade it to 1GB maximum, but there are only two memory slots. Depending on what you have installed, and where you want to go, you may have have to replace one or both of the current modules.

> the SO-DIMM memory available runs at 667 MHz. It is compatible?

I'm not sure what you mean by "compatible" in this context. Clearly the installed memory is compatible with your system. Other 667 MHz memory might not be. In fact, Crucial says your system uses PC2700 memory, which runs at 166 MHz. Notebooks can be particularly sensitive to memory. I'd strongly encourage you to buy any upgrades from a reputable source; if not Lenovo then Crucial or Kingston, and buy the memory modules they recommend for that particular system. The latter two offer a guarantee of compatibility and a lifetime warranty (not to mention their prices are probably less than Lenovo's.)

Good luck.

Kurt

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#7 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 11:56 AM   
Dale G. Shields (Wugnet)
 
From  Dale G. Shields (Wugnet)  Posts 9147  Last Nov-21
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.7 Message 192806.7 replying to 192806.4 192806.4 ]    

Note that Ram is based on the BUS speed and CPU speed is a product of the Buss speed and a multiplier...

Follow Kurt's advice with respect to sourcing replacement Ram...

 

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#8 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 2:34 PM   
groucho
 
From  groucho  Posts 1329  Last Nov-21
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.8 Message 192806.8 replying to 192806.4 192806.4 ]    

Cal, your best bet for a fast competent answer is to call Kingston and Micron and see what each offers. They'll give you options and tell you which will be faster and by how much.

Then if you want to shop around other sources, you'll often find you can beat their prices by 5-10% BUT you may prefer to do as I did last time around, and pay the extra price because either of those folks will guarantee the chips work, ship you advance replacements if they don't, and typically offer a lifetime warranty. An overall package that is damned hard to beat.

They are both prime vendors, as good as it gets, and damned competitive in the larger picture.

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#9 of 22

     Posted Nov-1 9:41 PM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  K. Barthelmess      [Msg # 192806.9 Message 192806.9 replying to 192806.6 192806.6 ]    

OK, I found out what a Crucial is. And they offer a memory DIMM for the T30. Apparently I can only have 1 gig. Would have liked 2 or 4, but 1 gig will probably be better than my present 786K. Photoshop has been slow and I think it was running out of available memory.

Thanks to all for their advice.

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..

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#10 of 22

     Posted Nov-2 5:08 AM   
K. Barthelmess
 
From  K. Barthelmess  Posts 26  Last 4:42 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.10 Message 192806.10 replying to 192806.9 192806.9 ]    

Both Crucial and Kingston (www.kingston.com) offer memory for that model. You're correct that you can not install more than 1 GB of memory; the chipset for that module doesn't support more. You wrote that you currently have "786K". I think you meant 768 MB (that's with an "M", not a "K"). If that's the case, you have one 256 MB module and one 512 MB module installed. To get to the maximum 1 GB, you'll replace the 256 MB module with a 512 MB module.

> Photoshop has been slow and I think it was running out of available memory.

Yes, that application can get very greedy about memory. Depending on what you are doing, the extra 256 MB you can add may or may not make a difference.

Good luck.

Kurt

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#11 of 22

     Posted Nov-2 4:08 PM   
Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET
 
From  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET  Posts 218  Last Nov-21
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.11 Message 192806.11 replying to 192806.10 192806.10 ]    

Thank goodness Lenovos are easy to get into to get at the memory, or at least have been on all I've seen and their website has service manuals that tell you how to everything stage by stage!

Here's the index to different language T30 Service Manuals although to my surprise it does not include memory change! Maybe it's in the normal user guide.

Here's the hardware manual which can be useful because it tells how to replace the backup battery for the CMOS and I see on page 139 -- it's p135 on paper but 139 on hte pdf flie index -- the DIMMs are behind the cover (4) as I suspected.

From the next page in that last manual it looks as though 256 is the basic memory and so the 512 was added so if you get 512MB just pull the 256 and replace it.

Hope that helps -- Lenovo user support on their website is superb if you learn how to navigate it!

  Hugh

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#12 of 22

     Posted Nov-2 5:54 PM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET      [Msg # 192806.12 Message 192806.12 replying to 192806.11 192806.11 ]    

Here's the hardware manual which

Thanks for that. Yes, the memory access is easy. I had already upgraded from 250k (?) to 750K a few years ago. And there is Help software (Access Thinkpad.exe) that came on the HD with the machine that tells all about what the average user needs to know.

Gee, maybe with the hardware manual, I could install a larger HD myself? Instead of getting a new machine, I can get this one "retreaded".

One question. The manual talks a lot about replacing FRUs. What is a FRU?

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..


Edited Nov-2   by  caljeanmid
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#13 of 22

     Posted Nov-2 7:24 PM   
Jerry Lippey/WUGNET
 
From  Jerry Lippey/WUGNET  Posts 7034  Last 12:10 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.13 Message 192806.13 replying to 192806.12 192806.12 ]    
FRU = Field Replaceable Unit, Cal.     -Jerry
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#14 of 22

     Posted Nov-2 7:33 PM   
Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET
 
From  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET  Posts 218  Last Nov-21
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.14 Message 192806.14 replying to 192806.12 192806.12 ]    

Replacing hard drives are not difficult but you have to take some considerable care and ask a lot of advice before you buy one because for those older generations:

They have to be IDE drives and many if not most drives these days are SATA

There may well be a limit to the capacity of the drive which will be much less than the common drives these days.

If it's like my older Thinkpads then the raw drive sits in a drive carrier that fits into the PC and there is a link between the connections on the drive and the connections between the carrier and the PC since they are different.

And then there's a bit that you have to unscrew from the end of the carrier and fasten on the new carrier but in your case you will just be changing the drive within an existing carrier.

You should see all that in the manual.

But ASK ASK ASK

  Hugh

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#15 of 22

     Posted Nov-7 8:04 AM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET      [Msg # 192806.15 Message 192806.15 replying to 192806.11 192806.11 ]    

256 is the basic memory and so the 512 was added so if you get 512MB just pull the 256 and replace it.

The DIMM memory was received from Crucial  in just a couple of days and the XT machine is now noticeably zippier. Thanks.

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..


Edited Nov-7   by  caljeanmid
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#16 of 22

     Posted Nov-7 11:48 AM   
Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET
 
From  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET  Posts 218  Last Nov-21
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.16 Message 192806.16 replying to 192806.15 192806.15 ]    

Great -- thanks for the feedback!

I've no idea if it is the case for your machine but with my Averatec 3715 the manufacturer's spec was a maximum RAM of 1GB but users found, and eventually Averatec agreed, that it could in fact take 2GB. So if you feel adventurous some time and get a cuple of 1GB stips ......

I'm still using the factory fitted 512MB alas since you have to strip the whole machine down to get far enough inside to access the RAM .... 13 screws of different lengths have to be removed and if you put the wrong one back into a hole you risk shorting something out .....

  Hugh

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#17 of 22

     Posted Nov-7 11:09 PM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  Hugh Wyn Griffith WUGNET      [Msg # 192806.17 Message 192806.17 replying to 192806.16 192806.16 ]    

Well, it was good for a couple of days. It worked this morning. But when I turned the T30 on this evening it would not see my wireless router. My wife, sitting next to me, logged on to my router just fine. She is running her new HP latop with Vista.

My T30 laptop sees the neighbor's new Linksys router as a weak signal, but apparently I or they are too weak to log on. SIW says my Network Adapters are disconnected. My wireless LAN, USB cable modem 1 & 2, and Wired ethernet. The last two really are disconnected, but I should see my current router and cable modem. Is my "High Rate Wireless LAN Mini-PCI Adapter with Modem II" suddenly dead? It appears to receive but not transmit becaus it cannot log on to my neighbor.

I am sending this from my wife's computer.

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..

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#18 of 22

     Posted Nov-8 4:55 AM   
K. Barthelmess
 
From  K. Barthelmess  Posts 26  Last 4:42 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.18 Message 192806.18 replying to 192806.17 192806.17 ]    

Seems unlikely the memory would cause your wireless link to fail. Try pulling out the new memory - if the link is still not working, I'd suspect it's a concidence and you need to look at what else may have changed.

Did the wireless link work immediately after the memory was installed? If the link has not worked since, you may have damaged or disconnected something while installing the memory.

Good luck.

Kurt

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#19 of 22

     Posted Nov-8 9:05 AM   
caljeanmid
 
From  caljeanmid  Posts 243  Last Nov-11
To  K. Barthelmess      [Msg # 192806.19 Message 192806.19 replying to 192806.18 192806.18 ]    

Did the wireless link work immediately after the memory was installed?

Yes. It worked for a day. The only thing that changed that day was my neighbor got cable internet access and apparetly her linksys router started broadcasting. I also have a linksys router that is WEP secured. Hers is not secured. Maybe I shlould go over and show her how to secure hers? Maybe I should take this thread to the network section?

Cal, from West Michigan

All generalizations are false, including this one..

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#20 of 22

     Posted Nov-8 11:00 AM   
K. Barthelmess
 
From  K. Barthelmess  Posts 26  Last 4:42 AM
To  caljeanmid      [Msg # 192806.20 Message 192806.20 replying to 192806.19 192806.19 ]    

See my reply in your new discussion.

Kurt

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Performance Tuning

RAM nanoseconds vs megahertz

  
 
     

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